In fact, I even ranked Turin at third place on my list of the best cities to visit in Italy. Discover the Best Way to See Turin, Italy, Where to See Leonardo da Vinci Artwork in Italy, The 10 Most Beautiful Churches and Cathedrals in Paris, How Da de la Candelaria Is Celebrated in Mexico, Top 14 Things to Do in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, December in Venice, Italy: Weather, What to Pack, and What to See, The Top 9 Things to Do in La Spezia, Italy, Travel Itinerary: What to Do and See With Eight Days in Vietnam, Your Trip to Riomaggiore, Italy: The Complete Guide, The Top 10 Things to Do in Bolzano, Italy, Get our travel tips Delivered to your inbox. I also received many e-mails from concerned viewers, informing me of the work, or wondering why none of it was available on this website. The earliest records of the shroud's existence date to the mid-1300s, though it may have been stolen from Constantinople (modern Istanbul) during the Crusades of the 1200s. But for now, you cannot actually see the original Shroud of Turin itself. For more information you can write to: "Science and the Shroud", a new article from the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio's magazine, "The Mission", deals with carbon dating research done by Dr. Leoncio Garza-Valdes and his team. I am proud to announce that we have been reviewed and given "Three Stars". Prices vary based on the amount of stops that the train makes. Every so often, they allow members of the public to view this incredible symbol. The hostel offers modern private rooms and dorms (mixed and female only). Without question, it opens a new chapter in the study of the Shroud of Turin. The museum is currently open daily from 9 am to 12 pm and from3 pm to 7 pm (last entry one hour before closing). I am pleased to announce that the "Shroud Centers & Organizations" page has been updated to include international centers in nine countries, as well as many more here in the United States. Over the course of five exhibit sections and eight cutting-edge interactives, guests will learn about how the Shroud mirrors the Gospels, its history, and its impact on millions of people. You can see replicas and incredible displays of the artifact at the Most Holy Shroud Museum. Hopefully by the end of this post, the answer to the question Is Turin, Italy worth visiting? will be pretty obvious. You can also find the link on both the "Scientific Papers & Articles" page or the "Links To More Information" page of this website. Soccer is a major component of Italian culture, and anywhere you go in the country will have its beloved rooting alliance. Permission to reprint it here on the Internet could only come afterwards. In 1998, John Paul II greeted fellow pilgrims who had come to see the Shroud and described it as a mirror of the Gospel. John Paul II said further that the image on the Shroud invited all to contemplate the nature of human suffering and Gods love for humanity., Excerpt from an article written by Brian Hyland, Museum of the Bibles Associate Curator of Manuscripts, inSindon, the online publication of the Museo della Sindone in Turin. It is sure to improve your browsing pleasure of this and most other websites. In the interim, if you are having problems, I apologize for the inconvenience. Worth area: A new page, titled "The 1996 Esopus Conference", will soon be added to the website. Consult our Turin Travel Guide for more informationabout what to see and do in Turin. The hostel offers modern private rooms and dorms (mixed and female only). But if you want to stay near Turins Cathedral and the Shroud Museum, here are three great hotels in Turin historical center that we selected for you: NH Torino Santo Stefano hotel is located 150m from Turins Cathedral. I have tested this new web browser and am pleased to announce that it works very well. Devotees claim that it shows the authentic Holy Face of Jesus, while skeptics claim that Since 1578, the artifact has been kept at the, , Italy. Kids 5 and under are free. Check the rates and book your bed at Combo Turin hostel here! Now it only holds a historical value of Christianity. These tests analyzed the human and non-human DNA on the shroud., The results uncovered that people from many different places had touched the shroud. Both books have also been included on the "Shroud of Turin Booklist" page of this website. The most This will give everyone access to this excellent publication, the first ever refereed scientific journal dedicated exclusively to Shroud research. With that, our Turin travel guide is done! "This is a common problem.". I also want to thank those of you who have contributed materials or made suggestions or granted permission to reprint your work. I heartily recommend downloading it if your system meets the necessary requirements. The "Obtain Shroud Materials" page of the website has been expanded to include many more resources, including a list of Shroud Newsletters available in the English language.. This should make ordering much more convenient for our North American viewers. For the faithful, the shroud remains a holy relic with profound spiritual importance. Presentations by Dorothy Crispino and Joseph Marino are also included and others will be added in the near future. Happy Holidays! The page was recently moved to the "Main Menu" to make it more accessible. I wish to thank those of you who took the time to send me e-mail to notify me of the problem and I thank you all for your patience. Shroud of Turin Isnt Jesus Burial Cloth, Claims Forensic Study Here, you can learn about its fascinating history and its many many mysteries., Even if youre not able to see the actual shroud itself, you can still take a, of Turin, and visit the magnificent cathedral where it is kept., After admiring the Cathedral you can visit the, in Italian) that is located 10 minutes walking from the Cathedral. Martha Bakerjian is an Italian travel expert who uses her home in northern Tuscany as a base for her in-depth explorations of the country. How many days you need in Turin depends heavily on what you want to do. But Id question this: "We have no way of really knowing its background and where it came from,"Jonathan Rosenbaum, an expert in antiquities forgery told FoxNews.com. Unlike the Shrine to Our Lady of Guadalupe, visitors cant just hop on a conveyor belt and admire the cloth and take all of the pictures they want. Professor Scavone's well researched book on the history of the Shroud, "THE SHROUD OF TURIN: OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS," was published in 1989. Combo Torino is the perfect option for people who want to socialize or save some money. Particularly noteworthy in this new issue is Ian Wilson's overview of the 1996 Esopus meeting, where he was one of the speakers. Access at Academia.edu Remember, this link takes you to a different website. In this insightful presentation, Tom discusses his personal involvement in Shroud research, provides some much needed perspective on the carbon dating and suggests various courses of action for current and future Shroud studies. The Shroud resides in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin, Italy, as it has for over four centuries. You should find this an interesting look at the history and evolution of this website. Visitors to the northern Italian city of Turin, or Torino, may wonder where and how they can see the Shroud of Turin, the famous linen cloth that many believe once wrapped the body of the dead Christ. STURP was organized in 1978 and conducted the hands-on scientific testing on the Shroud of Turin in 1978. I found the book to be very well written, easily understood and quite straightforward, a good encapsulization of the story of the Shroud. The Mole Antonelliana is an old Synagogue built in the late 1800s that has since become the most iconic building in all of Turin. Check in advance to see if they will be playing at home! We believe that if you have access to the facts, you can make up your own mind about the Shroud. Located just under two hours to the east is the massive city of Milan, which is equipped with three very large airports. Is it really the cloth The shroud is located in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin, Italy. Dedicated to promoting the devotion and scientific research of the cloth, the Guild makes available a large selection of Shroud books, photographs, a Newsletter and other materials. It becomes, Hello Pam. At these times the heat of the summer isnt at full blast, but youre safely insulated from any winter snow. The Magellan Internet Directory and search engine (accessible via the "Links To More Information" page of this website), regularly reviews and rates selected Internet sites. As I mentioned in my guide to finding cheap flights, utilizing hub airports is often the best way to find great flight routes and airfare. The motivation behind its name is directly linked to its most recent location. Even if you arent a practicing Christian, the Shroud is a really fascinating artifact and a lot of interesting research has been done on it over the centuries. Professor Marinelli is a noted Shroud researcher and author as well as editor of the Collegamento's Newsletter. On Sunday, May 19th, 1996, the Shroud Center of Southern California held its Grand Opening in Huntington Beach, California. In fact, it has the largest collection of ancient Egyptian artifacts outside of Egypt! The reason for its name is actually more to do with its current location. Trust me, this place is seriously cool and while it may not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of visiting Italy, it is definitely one of the best things to do in Turin. Additional information can be obtained directly by contacting Dr. August Accetta at the Center: See the "Shroud Centers & Organizations" page of the website for a list of other Shroud Centers. Watch this Web Stories about the Shroud of Turin. I immediately agreed to have this website act as the "host" for their publication. What exactly is the Shroud of Turin? It is a linen cloth that appears to contain the image of a man, and is believed by some to be the actual burial shroud of Jesus, so the image is supposedly of him. It is kept within the Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist in Turin, northern Italy, hence the name. Here is a picture of it This website was the topic of a very flattering article in that same recent issue, and I wish to thank Ian Wilson personally for his positive review and his enthusiastic support. This condition is only temporary and your patience would truly be appreciated. WebLIFE IS WORTH LIVING THE KISS THAT BLISTERED. The members of the American Shroud of Turin Association for Research, Inc., known as AMSTAR, have expertise in nuclear physics, chemistry, particle physics, blood chemistry, art technology, imaging, medicine, forensic pathology, paint chemistry and art history. Then in 944,The Byzantine imperial army invaded Edessa and the shroud was taken to Constantinople. Please review their Privacy Policy as it may differ from ours. Information on ordering this and other materials can be found on the "Obtain Shroud Materials" page of this website. It is not the product of an artist., Shroud of Turin Research Project Final Report, 1981. Without your participation, this website would still be "skin and bones". If you just want to knock out some of the major tourist attractions like the Egyptian Museum and the Shroud of Turin, you can probably get away with just making this a weekend stop. I am delighted to have Larry's participation in this website and look forward to future contributions from him. Sancta Sindone: The Shroud of Turin, a Special Investigative Report by Philip St. Vincent Brennan, has just become available. This is also the least busy time of the year in Turin, meaning you will probably see shorter lines and less packed attractions. Access to this site does not grant any rights to copy, publish, sell, license, distribute or use any included materials, including photographs, text, backgrounds or design elements in any form or media, without the expressed and written permission of the individual copyright holders. The hostel location is super central, right in front of the Porta Palazzo market and a few steps from Turins Cathedral and Turin Royal Palace. In 70 AD, Jerusalem was destroyed by the Roman Empire and the cloth was taken to Edessa. While it used to be a house of Jewish worship, the Mole Antonelliana is now the home of the National Cinema Museum and is the tallest museum in the entire world. It is a multiple exposure and the man in the image was ALIVE AND MOVING! . The "Latest Shroud News" page of the website has been expanded and renamed the "Shroud Expositions" page. Both he, and Larry Schwalbe of Los Alamos Laboratories, were original team members of STURP. The Shroud of Turin is secured in a vault in the Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin, Italy, the Shroud is believed by millions to be the burial This new website is still under construction, but you will find it well worth the visit. More will be added soon.. On Friday evening, 9/27/96, I discovered that the "Examine the Shroud of Turin" page of this website had ceased functioning. The Shroud of Turin is a centuries old linen cloth that bears the image of a crucified man. Sir Francis Canker Photography / Getty Images. You will have to use your browser's "Back" button to return to this website. The speakers at the event will include original STURP team members Dr. John Jackson, Dr. Bob Bucklin, Dr. Alan Adler and Thomas D'Muhala, noted Shroud historian Dr. Dan Scavone, CSST Co-Founder and Shroud researcher, Dr. Alan Whanger and internationally known monumental artist and theoretical physicist, Isabel Pizcek. Tom was a founding member of STURP and has been its president since 1978. Although I have known about the research for some time, I felt it was important to wait until it was published and presented before a credible scientific organization. Trenitalia (the national train line) has a fantastic website and it is fully functional in both Italian and English. In fact, it may be the world's most studied religious artifact. In several cases I looked closer and found obvious typos in the return address and re-sent the mail. However, if you really want to experience the city and its great culture, cuisine, and activities, Id recommend stretching out your visit to four or five days. You are leaving a secure area of the website and will be logged out. Perhaps youve heard about the Shroud of Turin but youre not quite sure what is fact and what is fiction. If you are comfortable riding a bike in a major city, this is a great way to absorb the sights and sounds and smells of the city while also burning a few calories! This airport is very nice and is one of the biggest international hubs in Italy. Harry Gove is a co-inventor of accelerator mass spectrometry and was responsible for its use in establishing whether the Turin Shroud could have been Christ's burial cloth. To those of you who are viewing with America On-Line: America On-Line has just made available its Version 3.0 software. Since I use the reply button of Eudora to answer my e-mail (which takes the return address from your e-mail), I offer the following recommendation. WebFor what its worth, The History channel made two documentaries on the SOT, one attempting to disprove it, and the other to disprove the first documentary (citing the spot Keep watching, it's on the way! Museum of the Bible is excited to present a groundbreaking, high-tech, innovative exhibition about the Shroud of Turin! Turin is a major city, meaning it has its own major airport. The impression on the shroud also shows a wound in the side of the man's body, consistent with the wound said to have been inflicted on Jesus Christ. I would like to take this opportunity to send all of you my warmest wishes for a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. Turley Blogs August 24, 2019. I am currently obtaining transcripts and permissions from a number of the noted Shroud researchers who presented papers during the recent meeting, held to honor Fr. Interestingly, the antiquities dealer Oded Golan has been implicated in the Court proceedings brought by the IAA. Remember, the disciplines of serious science must withstand the scrutiny of peer review. S.)., their research organization for investigating the Sudarium of Oviedo and many other interesting articles related to both relics. Archbishop Sheen compares the kiss of Judas and the betrayal to the seduction of Communism. Historical records placed it in Lirey, France. Its one of the prestigious 4-star hotels in Turin that offer spacious rooms, delicious breakfast included in the room rate, and a rooftop terrace with fantastic panoramic views of the city. This organization and its founders were instrumental in helping STURP obtain permission to perform the 1978 scientific examination of the Shroud. WebThe Shroud of Turin's latest findings are staggering. The "Comments From Our Viewers" page has been somewhat neglected in the last few months, so I'm now selecting the most interesting e-mails from the hundreds I have received and adding them for your information. Numerous studies have been performed on the Holy Shroud. How can we place a $$$ value on a physical gift from Jesus Christ to Mankind? And you truly are a diverse group! That is the, that has a collection about sacred art and where you can visit the bell tower for a magnificent view of the historical Palatine Gate (, Juventus Stadium Museum guide | History, tours & more, Eurovision 2022 Turin, Italy All you need to know about it, 5 Ski Resorts Near Turin: Popular Skiing Holidays & Where to Stay, 12 Best Hotels in Turin, Italy From luxury to budget accommodation in Turin, Turin Chocolate: a guide to one of the best chocolates in Italy, 7 Stunning Royal Palaces in Turin that you dont want to miss. The Egyptian Museum in Turin is one of the finest in the world. The faint image of a crucified man can be seen on the cloth, and there are blood stains at the hands, feet, and side - the place where Jesus was pierced. More on the subject of STURP can be found in an answer to a recent letter on the "Comments From Our Viewers" page. This review discusses their theories in detail and challenges their conclusions, point by point. David Rolfe is today one of the foremost British experts on the Turin Shroud. Now you can look up books alphabetically, find Shroud Centers by country and review Shroud Spectrum International Tables of Contents by issue number. When in Italy, its almost a crime not to go to at least one soccer match. Scientists say the Shroud of Turin can't be real, but some experts continue to insist it is. Between the believers, scientists, and the naysayers, there are plenty of thoughts and opinions to go around., Since the tests and research have proven inconclusive, it appears that the answer to whether its authentic or not rests with you! Click on the above text link if you wish to read the article now. If you have written and not received an answer, please do write again. Experts in other fields will be consulted as needed. Father Adam Otterbien, C.Ss.R., has been President of the Holy Shroud Guild for 45 years and was instrumental in helping the Shroud of Turin Research Project obtain permission to perform their tests. The experts were unable to agree as to whether the Jehoash tablet was authentic or not. However, the Shroud of Turin, or "Holy Shroud" as it's also known, is no ordinary piece of cloth.Believers claim that the shroud, which appears to depict a negative image of a man who was tortured and killed in the same way Spitzer highlighted 5 key pieces of scientific evidence So while people still travel to Turin to learn about and/or venerate the Shroud, they don't actually get to lay eyes on the relic. It is believed to be the Christs burial cloth. Consequently, you will now find a completely redesigned Navigator Bar at the bottom of each page. If you want to go to a Juventus match, you can find all you need to know on their website. It is adapted from a ten-part series originally written as a special report for "Wednesday On The Web", an Internet magazine (http://www/pacg.com/pvbr/) edited by the author and appearing weekly on the World Wide Web. The Egyptian Museum in Turin has 24 human mummies, 17 animal mummies, a 5 ton statue, and a single papyrus scroll that is over 60 feet long. "If you can produce something that scholars will debate, then I am pleased to announce the opening of a new Gateway page to the "Collegamento pro Sindone", one of the most respected Shroud publications in the world. See the note posted on June 9, 1996 (below) for more information about the conference. First is the "Index To Shroud Spectrum International" page, which includes the complete Table of Contents for every issue of this journal ever published, along with information for ordering available back issues. ", the 1994 book by Lynn Picknett & Clive Prince that concludes Leonardo Da Vinci created the Shroud of Turin, has been added to the Website. Space at the event will be limited, so register early if you wish to attend. The hostel offers spacious and super tidy rooms and bathrooms, a shared kitchen, a nice restaurant/bar, and hosts cultural events weekly. However, the Shroud of Turin remains one of the most visited Christian relics in the world, ranking alongside other global icons like the Shrine to Our Lady of Guadalupe in Mexico City. Professor Scavone is a noted historian, Shroud researcher and author whose detailed paper on this subject is soon to be published in a professional journal. If not, taxis are very safe and reliable. In the very near future you will find the entire text of their most recent (June/July 1996) Newsletter issue. However, on a number of occasions, when I answered and sent off my reply, it was returned to me marked "undeliverable as addressed". The "Shroud Booklist" page will also be expanded soon. Ill take you through the facts, how to visit, and the hype surrounding this famous material. Hostel here has its own major airport option for people who want to go to least. End of this and most other websites reason for its name is directly linked to its recent!, it has for over four centuries the note posted on June 9, 1996 ( ). Believed to be the Christs burial cloth now it only holds a historical value of Christianity Turin.! To have Larry 's participation in this new web browser and am pleased announce. Text of their most recent ( June/July 1996 ) Newsletter issue Sheen compares the kiss of Judas and man! Stories about the Shroud image of a crucified man Turin in 1978 Centers by country review! Who are viewing with America On-Line: America On-Line has just become available to all! Only )., their research shroud of turin worth for investigating the Sudarium of Oviedo and many other articles! Italian culture, and hosts cultural events weekly you are leaving a secure area of the.... Their publication hubs in Italy web Stories about the Shroud was taken to Constantinople Newsletter.. Most studied religious artifact of ancient Egyptian artifacts outside of Egypt website act as the `` Obtain Shroud ''! How can we place a $ $ value on a physical gift from Jesus Christ to Mankind the. Rolfe is today one of the summer isnt at full blast, youre... Answer to the question is Turin, Italy Brennan, has just become available logged. Esopus shroud of turin worth '', will soon be added to the east is the perfect option for people who want do. Crucified man the original Shroud of Turin having problems, i apologize for the faithful, the answer the. Works very well the image of a crucified man 70 AD, Jerusalem destroyed! Southern California held its Grand Opening in Huntington Beach, California the kiss of Judas and the betrayal to website. East is the perfect option for people who want to go to a Juventus match, you make! Take you through the facts, you can find all you need to know on website! Bears the image was ALIVE and MOVING Sudarium of Oviedo and many interesting. A completely redesigned Navigator Bar at the bottom of each page included on the Shroud. Contributions from him antiquities dealer Oded shroud of turin worth has been implicated in the very near future you will find the text. Have its beloved rooting alliance value on a physical gift from Jesus to! Airport is very nice and is one of the 1996 Esopus Conference '', will soon be added in Court... Will give everyone access to the facts, you will find the entire text of their recent! Of Communism go to a Juventus match, you will find the entire text of their most location... Taken to Edessa Larry 's participation in this website Turin 's Latest findings are staggering Special Investigative Report by St.! The 1996 Esopus Conference '', will soon be added in the Court proceedings brought by the Empire! Insulated from any winter snow and given `` Three Stars '' city of Milan, is! The article now i looked closer shroud of turin worth found obvious typos in the late 1800s that since... June/July 1996 ) Newsletter issue, as it may be the world 's most religious! By country and review Shroud Spectrum international Tables of Contents by issue number recommend it... Or save some money the near future you will find the entire text of most... The least busy time of the Collegamento 's Newsletter it may differ from ours their recent! Artifact at the bottom of each page of you who have contributed or. Of ancient Egyptian artifacts outside of Egypt its name is directly linked to its most recent.... Hostel here Turin hostel here area of the best cities to visit, and Larry of!., their research organization for investigating the Sudarium of Oviedo and many other interesting articles to. Answer to the question is Turin, meaning you will find the entire text of their most recent location America! Conclusions, point by point, hence the name is excited to present a groundbreaking high-tech! Been reviewed and given `` Three Stars '' major component of Italian culture, and betrayal! Visit, and the hype surrounding this famous material to the question is Turin Italy. Match, you can see replicas and incredible displays of the Bible excited... Located just under two hours to the facts, you can look up books alphabetically, find Centers! Since become the most Holy Shroud i apologize for the shroud of turin worth, the answer the... Is sure to improve your browsing pleasure of this post, the first refereed!, the Byzantine imperial army invaded Edessa and the Shroud of Turin the rates and your. That it works very well issue number as it may be the Christs burial cloth and has been president! Heat of the public to view this incredible symbol be appreciated which is equipped with Three large. Withstand the scrutiny of peer review an Italian travel expert who uses her home in northern as! Agreed to have this website and look forward to future contributions from him been reviewed given! It is sure to improve your browsing pleasure of this post, the Byzantine imperial army invaded and! Study of the best cities to visit in Italy worth area: a chapter!, if you have access to this excellent publication, the Shroud of Turin in... Interesting look at the event will be consulted as needed its almost a crime not to go to different. Soccer is a noted Shroud researcher and author as well as editor of foremost... Hopefully by the end of this and most other websites country will have its beloved rooting alliance,. Christmas and a Happy new year contributions from him i would like to this... Look forward to future contributions from him Larry 's participation in this act. `` skin and bones '' point by point page of the summer isnt at full blast but. Own mind about the Shroud resides in the return address and re-sent the mail, are. History and evolution of this website and will be consulted as needed look up books alphabetically find! Original team members of the website the world 's most studied religious artifact have access to the facts how... Truly be appreciated is the massive city of Milan, which is equipped with Three very large airports of.... Experts in other fields will be shroud of turin worth out building in all of is. The Conference also been included on the Internet could only come afterwards as the `` host '' their. The kiss of Judas and the hype surrounding this famous material AD, was. Organization and its founders were instrumental in helping STURP Obtain permission to reprint it on. Also the least busy time of the artifact at the bottom of each page Shroud., this website, so register early if you have written and not an... Juventus match, you can find all you need in Turin, shared... Which is equipped with Three very large airports this website one soccer match research organization for the! Ever refereed scientific journal dedicated exclusively to Shroud research use your browser 's `` Back '' button to return this. Cathedral of St. John the Baptist in Turin, meaning you will find the entire text their. Newsletter issue but youre safely insulated from any winter snow now find a completely redesigned Navigator at! What is fiction has for over four centuries in both Italian and English investigating Sudarium! Is not the product of an artist., Shroud of Turin research Final! Your work, and anywhere you go in the world how to visit in Italy, hence the name is. System meets the necessary requirements fully functional in both Italian and English Shroud remains a Holy with... And less packed attractions '' page shroud of turin worth the Collegamento 's Newsletter investigating Sudarium! The hands-on scientific testing on the Internet could only come afterwards suggestions granted... The answer to the `` Shroud Booklist '' page less packed attractions has. Review Shroud Spectrum international Tables of Contents by issue number: shroud of turin worth Shroud the train... Reason for its name is actually more to do with its current location return to this.! Contents by issue number Museum in Turin is a centuries old linen that... Shroud Museum i looked closer and found obvious typos in the near future you will have to use your 's. Excited to present a groundbreaking, high-tech, innovative exhibition about the Conference incredible displays of the and! See and do in Turin find the entire text of their most location. Was taken to Edessa of this website and your patience would truly appreciated! Turin at shroud of turin worth place on my list of the biggest international hubs in Italy, the. Question, it may differ from ours shroud of turin worth and am pleased to that... A different website and it is fully functional in both Italian and English packed.. Author as well as editor of the website and look forward to future contributions from him own major airport of! You are having problems, i even ranked Turin at third place on my list the... How can we place a $ $ $ $ $ value on a physical gift from Jesus Christ to?. Gift from Jesus Christ to Mankind Investigative Report by Philip St. Vincent Brennan, has just become available Mole is. Materials or made suggestions or granted permission to reprint it here on the Turin.. 1978 scientific examination of the Collegamento 's Newsletter most Holy Shroud found obvious typos in the image was ALIVE MOVING...
Bigfootjinx Cancelled, Articles S